KOKLEAR İMPLANTLI BEBEK VE ÇOCUKLARDA SANTRAL İŞİTSEL SİSTEM MATURASYONUNUN İŞİTSEL P1 İNDEKSİ İLE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Özet
Özet
Amaç: Bu derleme çalışmasının amacı koklear implant kullanan bebek ve çocuklardaki işitsel deprivasyonun santral işitme sistemi üzerindeki etkilerini işitsel P1 indeksini kullanarak incelemektir.
Yöntem: Santral işitsel yolların normal gelişimini inceleyen çalışmalar, insanlarda ve hayvan modellerinde işitsel yoksunluğun ardından santral işitme yollarının gelişimini inceleyen çalışmalar, işitsel yoksunluğu takiben plastisite çalışmaları ve yoksunluğa bağlı kortikal yeniden yapılanma ile ilişkili olarak kortikal ayrışma çalışmaları özetlenmiştir.
Bulgular: Santral işitme sisteminin plastisitesi kritik dönem içinde maksimuma çıkmaktadır. İşitsel P1 indeksi bebek ve çocukların santral işitsel sistem maturasyonunu takip etmek açısından bir biyolojik- belirteç olarak kullanılabilir.
Sonuç: Erken yaş döneminde implantlandırılan bebek ve çocukların santral işitme sistemi normal gelişim göstermektedir. Kritik dönem sonrası geç implante edilen bebek ve çocuklarda ise, işitsel deprivasyon kortikal yapılarda fonksiyonel ayrışma ve modaliteler arası yeniden yapılanmaya neden olabilmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Plastisite; İşitsel Korteks; P1; N1; Kritik Dönem, Modaliteler Arası Yeniden Yapılanma
Abstract
Objectives: This review examines the effects of auditory deprivation on the central auditory system by the auditory P1 index in infants and children using cochlear implants.
Material and Methods: This study summarize the studies examining normal central auditory pathway development; analyses the studies related with the development of central auditory pathways following auditory deprivation in humans and animal models, and compile the cortical de-coupling studies related to plasticity and cortical re-organization following auditory deprivation.
Results: The neural plasticity of the central auditory system is maximized during the critical period. The auditory P1 index can be used as a biomarker to monitor the central auditory system maturation of infants and children.
Conclusion: The central hearing system of infants and children who are implanted at an early age shows normal development. Auditory deprivation may cause the cortical de-coupling and the cross-modal re-organization in infants and children fitted with cochlear implant at a late age after sensitive period.
Key Words: Plasticity; Auditory Cortex; P1; N1; Sensitive Period, Cross-Modal Re-organization
Tam Metin:
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