Anne ve Bebek Sağlığında İntestinal Mikrobiyota ve Probiyotikler

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Özet


ÖZ:

Literatürde “saklı krallık” olarak anılmaya başlayan intestinal mikrobiyota üzerine yapılan çalışmalar son yıllarda giderek artmaktadır. İntestinal mikrobiyota özellikle erken neonatal yaşamda metabolik ve immün fonksiyonları etkileyen bir dizi fizyolojik etkiye sahiptir. Yeni doğan mikrobiyotasının anne karnında oluşmaya başladığını gösteren çalışmaların yanı sıra; daha çok kanıtlar doğum sırasında anneden bebeğe geçen mikroorganizmalar ve bebeğin beslenme şekli ile bebek mikrobiyotasının şekillendiği yönündedir. Perinatel ve erken postnatal dönemde probiyotik takviye kullanılarak bebek intestinal mikrobiyota kompozisyonunun modüle edilmesi hastalık riskini azaltmak için olası bir diyet stratejisi olarak önerilebilir. Gebelik sırasında kullanılacak probiyotik takviyenin gebelerde;  preterm doğum riskini azaltabileceği, immünolojik yanıtı iyileştirebileceği, gestasyonel diyabet riskini azaltabileceği ve yeni doğanın sağlığı üzerinde olumlu etkileri olabileceğini gösteren pek çok çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemede bebek mikrobiyotasının oluşumunu etkileyen faktörler ile gebelik sırasında probiyotik takviye kullanımın anne ve bebek sağlığı üzerine etkileri konusunda güncel literatür taranmış ve yorumlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Mikrobiyota, infant, gebelik, probiyotikler


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Referanslar


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